What are the environmental risks associated with UST leaks?

The correct answer highlights a significant concern related to underground storage tanks (USTs). When USTs leak, the contents—often petroleum products—can seep into the surrounding soil and migrate into the groundwater. This contamination poses serious environmental and public health risks, as it can lead to the degradation of water quality, harm aquatic ecosystems, and potentially affect human health through drinking water sources.

While increased fuel efficiency and improved water drainage suggest beneficial outcomes, they are not relevant to the consequences of UST leaks. Similarly, the reduction of air pollutants does not connect to the environmental risks posed by leaks specifically, as UST leaks primarily impact soil and groundwater rather than air quality. Understanding these implications underscores the importance of proper UST management and monitoring to prevent leaks and mitigate their environmental impact.